Vilom shabd are words that have opposite or contrasting meanings in Hindi. For example, the word “achha” means good, and its vilom shabd is “bura”, which means bad. Similarly, the word “sukh” means happiness, and its vilom shabd is “dukh”, which means sorrow. Vilom shabd are also known as viparitarthak shabd, vilomarthak shabd, or viruddharthi shabd, which all mean antonyms. Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings in any language. Vilom shabd are useful for enhancing the clarity and expression of language, as they help to convey the opposite or negative aspects of a word or concept. For example, the sentence “He is a brave man” can be made more emphatic by adding the vilom shabd of “brave”, which is “cowardly”, as in “He is not a cowardly man”. Vilom shabd are also important for learning Hindi grammar, as they are often asked in various competitive exams and school tests. For example, the question “What is the vilom shabd of ‘alp’?” can be answered by “adhik”, which means more. In this blog post, we will learn the meaning, types, and examples of vilom shabd, and how to use them in sentences.
Types of Vilom Shabd
There are different types of vilom shabd in Hindi, based on the criteria of formation, meaning, and usage. Some of the common types of vilom shabd are:
- Ling Parivartan: These are vilom shabd that are formed by changing the gender of a word. For example, the word “ladka” means boy, and its vilom shabd is “ladki”, which means girl. Similarly, the word “sher” means lion, and its vilom shabd is “sherni”, which means lioness.
- Upasarg Prayog: These are vilom shabd that are formed by adding a prefix to a word. For example, the word “char” means movable, and its vilom shabd is “achar”, which means immovable. Similarly, the word “ek” means one, and its vilom shabd is “anek”, which means many.
- Upasarg Parivartan: These are vilom shabd that are formed by changing the prefix of a word. For example, the word “ekant” means solitude, and its vilom shabd is “bahutant”, which means multitude. Similarly, the word “laghukay” means small-bodied, and its vilom shabd is “vishalkay”, which means large-bodied.
- Nan Samas: These are vilom shabd that are formed by using the compound word “nan” as the first part of a word. For example, the word “astik” means believer, and its vilom shabd is “nanastik”, which means non-believer. Similarly, the word “anurag” means attachment, and its vilom shabd is “nanurag”, which means detachment.
Examples of Vilom Shabd
There are many examples of vilom shabd in Hindi, from different alphabets and categories. Here are some of the examples of vilom shabd, along with their meanings and usage in sentences:
- Aadar – Anaadar: Respect – Disrespect. Example: He showed aadar to his elders and anaadar to his juniors. (उसने अपने बड़ों का आदर और अपने छोटों का अनादर किया।)
- Aagam – Lop: Arrival – Departure. Example: His aagam was celebrated with joy and his lop was mourned with sorrow. (उसका आगम खुशी से मनाया गया और उसका लोप दुःख से शोक मनाया गया।)
- Aalas – Sphurti: Laziness – Energy. Example: He overcame his aalas and worked with sphurti. (उसने अपना आलस्य दूर किया और स्फूर्ति के साथ काम किया।)
- Aaroh – Avaroh: Ascent – Descent. Example: He climbed the mountain with aaroh and came down with avaroh. (उसने पहाड़ की चढ़ाई आरोह के साथ की और उतराई अवरोह के साथ की।)
- Aashray – Nirashray: Shelter – Shelterless. Example: He gave aashray to the nirashray. (उसने निराश्रय को आश्रय दिया।)
- Aastha – Anaastha: Faith – Doubt. Example: He had aastha in God and anaastha in himself. (उसे भगवान में आस्था और अपने आप में अनास्था थी।)
- Aakarshan – Vikarshan: Attraction – Repulsion. Example: He felt aakarshan towards her and vikarshan towards him. (उसे उसकी ओर आकर्षण और उसकी ओर विकर्षण महसूस हुआ।)
- Aalok – Andhkar: Light – Darkness. Example: He preferred aalok over andhkar. (उसे आलोक अंधकार से ज्यादा पसंद था।)
- Agyan – Gyan: Ignorance – Knowledge. Example: He moved from agyan to gyan. (उसने अज्ञान से ज्ञान की ओर बढ़ा।)
- Achar – Char: Immovable – Movable. Example: He was achar like a rock and she was char like a bird. (वह अचर चट्टान की तरह और वह चर पक्षी की तरह थी।)
How to Use Vilom Shabd in Sentences
Vilom shabd are words that have opposite meanings in Hindi. They can be used in sentences in different ways, depending on the context and the purpose. Some of the common ways of using vilom shabd in sentences are:
- To emphasize or contrast a word or concept. For example, the sentence “He is a brave man” can be made more emphatic by adding the vilom shabd of “brave”, which is “cowardly”, as in “He is not a cowardly man”. Similarly, the sentence “She is happy today” can be contrasted by adding the vilom shabd of “happy”, which is “sad”, as in “She is happy today but she was sad yesterday”.
- To negate or reverse a word or concept. For example, the sentence “He is a friend” can be negated by adding the vilom shabd of “friend”, which is “enemy”, as in “He is not a friend but an enemy”. Similarly, the sentence “He is going up” can be reversed by adding the vilom shabd of “up”, which is “down”, as in “He is not going up but going down”.
- To create a rhetorical question or a paradox. For example, the sentence “What is the vilom shabd of vilom?” can be used as a rhetorical question to imply that there is no vilom shabd of vilom. Similarly, the sentence “He is a living dead” can be used as a paradox by adding the vilom shabd of “living”, which is “dead”, as in “He is a living dead or a dead living”.
Conclusion
Vilom shabd are words that have opposite meanings in Hindi. They are also known as viparitarthak shabd, vilomarthak shabd, or viruddharthi shabd, which all mean antonyms. Vilom shabd are useful for enhancing the clarity and expression of language, as they help to convey the opposite or negative aspects of a word or concept. Vilom shabd are also important for learning Hindi grammar, as they are often asked in various competitive exams and school tests. Vilom shabd can be formed by changing the gender, prefix, suffix, or compound word of a word. There are different types of vilom shabd in Hindi, such as ling parivartan, upasarg prayog, upasarg parivartan, and nan samas. There are many examples of vilom shabd in Hindi, from different alphabets and categories. Vilom shabd can be used in sentences in different ways, such as to emphasize, contrast, negate, reverse, or create a rhetorical question or a paradox.
FAQs
Here are some frequently asked questions about vilom shabd:
- Q: What is the difference between vilom shabd and paryayvachi shabd?
A: Vilom shabd are words that have opposite meanings, while paryayvachi shabd are words that have similar or synonymous meanings. For example, the vilom shabd of “achha” is “bura”, while the paryayvachi shabd of “achha” are “shubh”, “uttam”, “sundar”, etc.
- Q: How to find the vilom shabd of a word?
A: To find the vilom shabd of a word, one can use the following methods:
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- Look for the word in a dictionary or a thesaurus that provides vilom shabd.
- Use the rules of formation of vilom shabd, such as changing the gender, prefix, suffix, or compound word of a word.
- Use the context and the meaning of the word to find its opposite or contrasting word.
- Q: How to use vilom shabd in sentences?
A: Vilom shabd can be used in sentences in different ways, such as:
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- To emphasize or contrast a word or concept. For example, the sentence “He is a brave man” can be made more emphatic by adding the vilom shabd of “brave”, which is “cowardly”, as in “He is not a cowardly man”. Similarly, the sentence “She is happy today” can be contrasted by adding the vilom shabd of “happy”, which is “sad”, as in “She is happy today but she was sad yesterday”.
- To negate or reverse a word or concept. For example, the sentence “He is a friend” can be negated by adding the vilom shabd of “friend”, which is “enemy”, as in “He is not a friend but an enemy”. Similarly, the sentence “He is going up” can be reversed by adding the vilom shabd of “up”, which is “down”, as in “He is not going up but going down”.
- To create a rhetorical question or a paradox. For example, the sentence “What is the vilom shabd of vilom?” can be used as a rhetorical question to imply that there is no vilom shabd of vilom. Similarly, the sentence “He is a living dead” can be used as a paradox by adding the vilom shabd of “living”, which is “dead”, as in “He is a living dead or a dead living”.
- Q: What are some common vilom shabd in Hindi?
A: Some common vilom shabd in Hindi are:
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- Aadar – Anaadar: Respect – Disrespect
- Aagam – Lop: Arrival – Departure
- Aalas – Sphurti: Laziness – Energy
- Aaroh – Avaroh: Ascent – Descent
- Aashray – Nirashray: Shelter – Shelterless
- Aastha – Anaastha: Faith – Doubt
- Aakarshan – Vikarshan: Attraction – Repulsion
- Aalok – Andhkar: Light – Darkness
- Agyan – Gyan: Ignorance – Knowledge
- Achar – Char: Immovable – Movable